Medical Examination Guidelines for Men Preparing for Pregnancy, Popular Science Knowledge on Eugenics, and the Multiple Medical Benefits of Condoms

146. Items to be checked if a man cannot become a father (1) General information: including occupation and job, past medical history, marital and sexual life, past examinations and treatments, and family history. (2) Physical examination: including examination of the whole body and reproductive organs. (3) Laboratory tests: except for semen analysis, which is a mandatory item, the others should be selected according to the specific situation of the patient. Semen analysis helps to understand male fertility and is a mandatory item for infertility; in vitro heterologous insemination experiment can more accurately estimate the fertilization capacity of sperm and is of great value in judging male fertility. (4) Endocrine examination: through gonadotropin-releasing hormone or clomiphene stimulation test, the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis can be understood, and the testosterone level can be measured, which can directly reflect the function of interstitial cells. (5) Doppler ultrasound examination: helps to confirm varicocele. (6) X-ray examination: to determine the obstruction site of the vas deferens, vas deferens and epididymis contrast imaging, seminal vesicle contrast imaging or urethrography can be used. (7) Immunological examination: Sperm agglutination test or immobilization test to detect sperm agglutination antibodies or immobilization antibodies in serum or seminal plasma. (8) Testicular biopsy: Used for azoospermia or oligospermia to directly examine the spermatogenic function of seminiferous tubules and the development of interstitial cells in the testes. (9) Chromosome karyotype analysis: Used for external genital malformations, testicular hypoplasia, and azoospermia of unknown cause.

Medical knowledge you should know before you become a father (1) Choose a good wife: The most important thing is to avoid consanguineous marriage and avoid marrying individuals with genetic diseases. Because many diseases can be passed on to the next generation through parents, such as congenital deafness, hemophilia, schizophrenia, Down syndrome, etc. Even if you are normal, if there are members with intellectual disabilities or congenital disabilities in your family, your offspring may be affected because family members may carry disease-causing genes. (2) Marry at an appropriate age: From the perspective of maternal and child health, early marriage and excessively late marriage may result in abnormal offspring. A large amount of data shows that the percentage of chromosomal abnormalities in newborns of parents who give birth before the age of 20 or after the age of 35 is significantly higher than that of offspring of parents who give birth between the ages of 20 and 35. People with chromosomal abnormalities are mostly accompanied by intellectual disabilities, becoming a burden on their families and society. (3) Have a premarital check-up: Through a premarital check-up, you can understand whether the physiological conditions or timing of the two parties are suitable for marriage, and you can find out whether the hidden diseases of the two parties are congenital or acquired, and whether they can be corrected and cured. If one party has hepatitis, tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases, etc., although these are acquired diseases, they should be cured before marriage. If the male has cryptorchidism or anorchidism, and the female has no vagina or no uterus, these can be detected through premarital examination. These are congenital diseases with poor treatment effects and are not suitable for marriage. If they are not detected in advance, they may bring instability to the family and society. (4) Prepare for pregnancy: To have a healthy, smart and beautiful baby, the family must be harmonious and the relationship must be harmonious. Only in this way can an environment conducive to the formation and development of the fetus be created. Survey data shows that some mothers of deformed children have a history of frequent arguing and quarreling during pregnancy, which shows that mental factors have a certain impact on the fetus. (5) Avoid contact with toxic substances: If one of the couple's occupations frequently exposes them to substances such as lead, mercury, benzene, carbon dioxide, gasoline, carbon monoxide, and radiation, they should pay attention to reducing the content of harmful substances to the minimum level, or temporarily leave the work if possible, to avoid adverse effects on the offspring. (6) Quit smoking and drinking: For the health of the next generation, future parents should quit smoking and drinking. Not only does the father's smoking have a negative impact on the fetus, but even passive smoking by the mother can cause serious birth defects. Even if no deformities occur, the fetus's weight will be below normal, and later growth will be slower, with lower reading and calculation abilities compared to normal children. Alcohol will also have a negative impact on the fetus. (7) Discontinue birth control pills promptly: Before deciding to have a child, birth control pills should be discontinued and replaced with methods such as condoms. Pregnancy should be delayed for 6 months. This is because birth control pills can cause abnormalities in egg cells, potentially affecting offspring.

Using condoms offers numerous benefits for contraception, which can be summarized as follows: (1) Prevents cross-infection of sexually transmitted diseases (syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes, AIDS), trichomoniasis, etc. Prevents contact between smegma and the cervix, which can cause cervical erosion and even cervical cancer. Using condoms during intercourse is the most hygienic method. (2) Avoids the various adverse reactions associated with other contraceptive methods, has a good contraceptive effect, and is even more effective when used in combination with other methods. Condoms are the preferred contraceptive method, especially after marriage, after a cesarean section, during lactation, during the interval between long-term use of oral contraceptives, and when suffering from various chronic diseases. (3) It is only used during intercourse, is not easily forgotten, and is disposable, making it convenient and hygienic. (4) Condoms are often coated with lubricating substances such as silicone oil, so there is no feeling of dryness during intercourse. Women with low vaginal secretions can also apply contraceptive cream to increase lubrication. (5) It has a therapeutic effect on premature ejaculation, can overcome excessive sensitivity, and delay the arrival of male orgasm. Older men often experience sexual dysfunction. Using a condom can help maintain an erection because the rubber band acts as a tourniquet, preventing blood from flowing back into the erect penis. (6) It can overcome allergic reactions to semen in some women. (7) It can treat certain types of immune infertility in women. Women with this condition produce an antibody that kills sperm, making them unable to conceive. If a condom is used during intercourse, sperm cannot directly contact the vagina, thus preventing the body from producing new antibodies. This allows the existing antibody titer in the blood to slowly decrease. If condoms are used consistently for 6 months, the antibodies will disappear. At this point, the woman can often conceive without a condom.